In which type of diabetes does the body have an autoimmune response that destroys the beta cells in the pancreas?

Type 1 diabetes is characterized by an autoimmune response that specifically targets and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. This autoimmune reaction impairs the body's ability to produce insulin, which is essential for regulating blood glucose levels. As a result, individuals with Type 1 diabetes must rely on insulin therapy to manage their blood sugar effectively.

In contrast, Type 2 diabetes primarily involves insulin resistance and is often associated with lifestyle factors such as obesity and physical inactivity. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and is related to hormonal changes that impact insulin function. Prediabetes is a condition where blood sugar levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be classified as diabetes, and it does not involve autoimmune destruction of beta cells. Understanding these distinctions is important for recognizing the underlying mechanisms and management strategies associated with different types of diabetes.