What happens to the toe-out angle as speed increases?

As speed increases during walking or running, the toe-out angle typically decreases. This adjustment occurs for several reasons:

1. Stability: At higher speeds, the need for balance and stability becomes paramount. A decreased toe-out angle contributes to a straighter gait, which helps in maintaining equilibrium and reducing the risk of stumbling or losing balance.

2. Efficiency: A narrower toe-out position allows for a more biomechanically efficient gait, enabling optimized energy use as the body transitions through different phases of the gait cycle. This efficiency is crucial when performing activities at higher velocities.

3. Foot Strike Mechanics: As speed increases, the foot tends to strike the ground in a manner that promotes a more neutral alignment, which contributes to minimizing the angle of toe-out. This alignment helps in achieving a more effective transfer of forces through the leg.

By understanding these dynamics, it's evident why the toe-out angle decreases with increased speed, facilitating improved performance and control during locomotion.